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1.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 43(5): 414-416, May 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288554

ABSTRACT

Abstract The diagnosis of genital ulcers remains a challenge in clinical practice. Lipschütz ulcer is a non-sexually transmitted rare and, probably, underdiagnosed condition, characterized by the sudden onset of vulvar edema along with painful necrotic ulcerations. Despite its unknown incidence, this seems to be an uncommon entity, with sparse cases reported in the literature. We report the case of an 11-year-old girl who presented at the emergency department with vulvar ulcers. She denied any sexual intercourse. The investigation excluded sexually transmitted infections, so, knowledge of different etiologies of non-venereal ulcers became essential. The differential diagnoses are extensive and include inflammatory processes, drug reactions, trauma, and malignant tumors. Lipschütz ulcer is a diagnosis of exclusion. With the presentation of this case report, the authors aim to describe the etiology, clinical course, and outcomes of this rare disease, to allow differential diagnosis of genital ulceration.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Ulcer/diagnosis , Vulvar Diseases/drug therapy , Dibucaine/therapeutic use , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/therapeutic use , Ulcer/drug therapy , Vulvar Diseases/pathology , Administration, Topical , Treatment Outcome , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections , Rare Diseases , Diagnosis, Differential , Dibucaine/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage
2.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 48: e20202633, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155374

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the use of 0.5% alcoholic chlorhexidine and 70% alcohol in skin antisepsis for neuraxial blocks. Method: this is a non-inferiority randomized clinical trial, with two parallel arms. Seventy patients who were candidates for neuraxial block were randomly allocated to group A (n = 35), in whom antisepsis was performed with 0.5% alcoholic chlorhexidine, or to group B (n = 35), in whom we used 70% hydrated ethyl alcohol. Swabs were harvested for culture at three times: before antisepsis, two minutes after application of the antiseptic, and immediately after puncture. The samples were sown in three culture media and the number of colony forming units (CFU) per cm² was counted. Results: there was no difference between the groups regarding age, sex, body mass index, time to perform the block or type of block. There were no differences between groups in the CFU/cm² counts before antisepsis. There was less bacterial growth in group B two minutes after application of the antiseptic (p = 0.048), but there was no difference between the groups regarding the number of CFU/cm² at the end of the puncture. Conclusion: 70% alcohol was more effective in reducing the number of CFU/cm² after two minutes, and there was no difference between the two groups regarding skin colonization at the end of the procedure. These results suggest that 70% alcohol may be an option for skin antisepsis before neuraxial blocks. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02833376.


RESUMO Objetivo: comparar o uso de solução alcoólica de clorexidina 0,5% e de álcool 70% na antissepsia da pele para bloqueios do neuroeixo. Método: ensaio clínico randomizado de não inferioridade, com dois braços paralelos. Foram selecionados 70 pacientes candidatos à bloqueio do neuroeixo, randomicamente alocados para o grupo A (n=35), em que a antissepsia foi realizada com clorexidina alcoólica 0,5%, ou para o grupo B (n=35), em que se utilizou álcool etílico hidratado 70%. Foram coletadas, com swab, amostras para cultura em três momentos: antes da antissepsia, dois minutos após aplicação do antisséptico, e imediatamente após a punção. As amostras foram semeadas em três meios de cultura e foi contabilizado o número de unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC) por cm². Resultados: não houve diferença entre os grupos quanto à idade, ao sexo, ao índice de massa corporal, ao tempo para realização do bloqueio ou tipo de bloqueio. Também não houve diferenças entre os grupos na contagem de UFC/cm² antes da antissepsia. Constatou-se menor crescimento bacteriano no grupo B dois minutos após aplicação do antisséptico (p=0,048), mas não houve diferença entre os grupos quanto ao número de UFC/cm² ao final da punção. Conclusão: o álcool 70% mostrou-se mais efetivo em reduzir o número de UFC/cm² após dois minutos, e não houve diferença entre os dois grupos quanto à colonização da pele ao final do procedimento. Esses resultados sugerem que o álcool 70% pode ser opção para antissepsia da pele antes de bloqueios do neuroeixo. Registro ensaio clínico: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02833376.


Subject(s)
Humans , Skin/microbiology , Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control , Chlorhexidine/pharmacology , Antisepsis/methods , Ethanol/pharmacology , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/pharmacology , Ethanol/administration & dosage , Anesthesia, Epidural , Anesthesia, Spinal , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage
4.
Rev. cuba. estomatol ; 56(3): e1380, jul.-set. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1093237

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La técnica de lavado de manos quirúrgico es imprescindible para la prevención de las infecciones posoperatorias en el sitio de la intervención, lo que constituye un problema actual y en evolución. Objetivo: Determinar la técnica de lavado de manos quirúrgico con mayor eficacia sobre la flora bacteriana en estudiantes de cirugía. Métodos: Ensayo controlado, aleatorio, de tratamientos no farmacológicos. Se seleccionaron 12 estudiantes de cirugía de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los estudiantes se dividieron en dos grupos y se les asignó una técnica de lavado de manos quirúrgico: Grupo A: técnica de una fase, y Grupo B: técnica tradicional (tres fases); para ambas técnicas se utilizó escobilla y jabón en barra. Resultados: En el medio de cultivo agar manitol salado, la técnica tradicional presentó una mediana de 52 000 UFC/mL con un mínimo de 10 000 UFC/mL y un máximo de 56 800 UFC/mL, en comparación con la técnica de una fase que presentó 19 600 UFC/mL con un mínimo de 4 400 UFC/mL y un máximo de 38 000 UFC/mL, con un valor de p= 0,117. En el agar MacConkey, la técnica tradicional presentó una mediana de 300 UFC/mL con un mínimo de 0 UFC/mL y un máximo de 18 000 UFC/mL, en comparación con la técnica de una fase que presentó 0 UFC/mL, con un valor de p= 0,054. Conclusiones: No se mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en ambos grupos(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction: Surgical hand scrubbing is indispensable to prevent postoperative infection at the intervention site, a problem both current and in progress. Objective: Determine the most effective surgical hand scrubbing technique against bacterial flora among surgery students. Methods: A controlled randomized study was conducted of non-pharmacological treatments. Twelve surgery students were selected from the School of Dentistry at the University of San Martín de Porres who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The students were divided into two groups and assigned one of two surgical hand scrubbing techniques: Group A: one-step technique and Group B: traditional technique (three steps). Both techniques used bar soap and a brush. Results: In the culture medium mannitol salt agar, the traditional technique obtained a median of 52 000 CFU/mL, with a minimum 10 000 CFU/mL and a maximum 56 800 CFU/mL, whereas the one-step technique obtained a median of 19 600 CFU/mL, with a minimum of 4 400 CFU/mL and a maximum of 38 000 CFU/mL (p= 0.117). In MacConkey agar, the traditional technique obtained a median of 300 UFC/mL, with a minimum of 0 CFU/mL and a maximum of 18 000 CFU/mL, whereas the one-step technique obtained 0 UFC/mL (p= 0.054). Conclusions: No statistically significant differences were found in the groups(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Students, Medical , Bacterial Infections/prevention & control , Asepsis/methods , Hand Disinfection/methods , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage
5.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 36(4): 414-420, ago. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042656

ABSTRACT

Resumen Taurolidina es un antiséptico de amplio espectro usado como solución de terapia de sellado (lock therapy) en adultos y niños portadores de catéter venoso central de larga duración (CVC) para prevenir las infecciones asociadas a CVC (IACVC). No induce desarrollo de resistencia y tiene efectos adversos leves y fugaces, lo que lo convierte en una alternativa, tanto como terapia de sellado como para la profilaxis de las IACVC, en este grupo de pacientes.


Taurolidine is a broad-spectrum antiseptic used as lock therapy solution in adult and pediatric patients with long term central venous catheters (CVC) for the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections (CRBSI). Taurolidine doesn't induce the resistant development and has only minor and brief side effects, which makes it an alternative both as a lock therapy and for the prevention of CRBSI in this group of patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Taurine/analogs & derivatives , Thiadiazines/administration & dosage , Catheter-Related Infections/prevention & control , Central Venous Catheters/adverse effects , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Taurine/administration & dosage
6.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 82(1): 25-31, Jan.-Feb. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973871

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare effects of 5% topical povidone iodine with prophylactic topical azithromycin and moxifloxacin on bacterial flora in patients undergoing intravitreal injection. Methods: A total of 132 patients were randomly assigned to receive treatment with azithromycin or moxifloxacin, or no treatment (control group). In total, 528 specimens were obtained at the time of admission, 4 days before intravitreal injection, 4 days after intravitreal injection, and 8 days after intravitreal injection. Samples were immediately sent to the microbiology laboratory for incubation. Results: The microorganism observed most frequently was coagulasenegative Staphylococcus (23.8%). When the results of samples obtained on Day 4 before injection were assessed, growth of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was significantly lower in the moxifloxacin group, compared with controls (p=0.049). Acinetobacter baumannii continued to grow after administration of azithromycin (p=0.033). When the results of four days after intravitreal injection were evaluated, growth of coagulase-ne gative Staphylococcus was higher in controls, compared with patients who received azithromycin or moxifloxacin (p=0.004). Eradication rate was significantly higher in the moxifloxacin group than in the control group (p=0.001). Samples obtained on Day 8 after intravitreal injection showed similar levels of bacterial growth in all groups (p=0.217). Conclusion: Moxifloxacin was more effective than 5% povidone iodine in controlling the growth of conjunctival bacterial flora. Use of moxifloxacin in combination with 5% povidone iodine resulted in a synergistic effect.


RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os efeitos de iodopovidona tópico a 5% com azitromicina e moxifloxacina profiláticas sobre a flora bacteriana em pacientes submetidos à injeção intravítrea. Métodos: Um total de 132 pacientes foram aleatoriamente designados para receber tratamento com azitromicina ou moxifloxacina ou nenhum tratamento (grupo controle). No total, 528 amostras foram obtidas no momento na admissão, 4 dias antes da injeção intravítrea, 4 dias após a injeção intravítrea e 8 dias após a injeção intravítrea. As amostras foram imediatamente enviadas para o laboratório de microbiologia para incubação. Resultados: O microorganismo mais frequentemente observado foi o Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo (23,8%). Quando os resultados das amostras obtidas no dia 4 antes da injeção foram avaliados, o crescimento do Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo foi significativamente menor no grupo mo xifloxacina, em comparação com os controles (p=0,049). Acinetobacter baumannii continuou a crescer após a administração de azitromicina (p=0,033). Quando os resultados de 4 dias após a injeção intravítrea foram avaliados, o crescimento do Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo foi maior no controle, em comparação com pacientes que receberam azitromicina ou moxifloxacina (p=0,004). A taxa de erradicação também foi significativamente maior no grupo moxifloxacina do que no grupo controle (p=0,001). As amostras obtidas no dia 8 após injeção intravítrea mostraram níveis semelhantes de crescimento bacteriano em todos os grupos (p=0,217). Conclusão: A moxifloxacina foi mais eficaz do que 5% de iodopovidona no controle do crescimento da flora bacteriana conjuntival. O uso de moxifloxacina em combinação com 5% de iodopovidona resultou em um efeito sinérgico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Povidone-Iodine/administration & dosage , Azithromycin/administration & dosage , Conjunctiva/microbiology , Intravitreal Injections/methods , Moxifloxacin/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Time Factors , Acinetobacter/isolation & purification , Acinetobacter/drug effects , Conjunctivitis, Bacterial/microbiology , Conjunctivitis, Bacterial/prevention & control , Endophthalmitis/microbiology , Endophthalmitis/prevention & control , Treatment Outcome , Conjunctiva/drug effects , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Escherichia coli/drug effects
7.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 52: e20180278, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041586

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The promising non-clinical antileishmanial effects of gentian violet (GV) encouraged us to evaluate the additive effect of GV on cryotherapy. METHODS: For 8 weeks, 59/161 cutaneous leishmaniasis patients/lesions underwent cryotherapy alone (group 1) or cryotherapy accompanied by 1% GV application (group 2). The primary endpoint was clinical response. RESULTS: Ultimately, 54.7% and 45.3% of the significantly cured lesions belonged to groups 1 and 2, respectively, which was not statistically significant. The clinical response was significantly different between the two groups at the end of the fourth week. CONCLUSIONS: Although the clinical response of the two groups was significantly different at the end of the fourth week, application of GV did not increase the efficacy of cryotherapy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Cryotherapy/methods , Gentian Violet/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Single-Blind Method , Pilot Projects , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome
8.
Braz. dent. j ; 29(4): 354-358, July-Aug. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-974160

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial effect of a bioadhesive chitosan-based oral membrane with chlorhexidine for local treatment of infections in the oral tissues. Five oral membranes of different compositions were tested: 5% chitosan (G1); 5% chitosan ± 0.2% chlorhexidine (G2), 5% chitosan ± 0.6% chlorhexidine (G3), 5% chitosan ± 1.0% chlorhexidine (G4), and 5% chitosan ± 2.0% chlorhexidine (G5). Also, five gel types were tested according to the following compositions: 5% chitosan gel (G6), 0.2% chlorhexidine gel (G7), 2.0% chlorhexidine gel (G8), 5% chitosan gel ± 0.2% chlorhexidine gel (G9), and 5% chitosan gel ± 2.0% chlorhexidine gel (G10). The antimicrobial action of the samples was tested against Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans through antibiogram by measuring the inhibition halos. Data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test (p<0.05). The 2.0% chlorhexidine membrane (G5) and the disks containing 2.0% chlorhexidine gel (G8) showed the greatest inhibition halos for both microorganisms, with statistically significant difference when compared to others tested groups (p=0.008) only for Candida albicans inhibitions results. All the other formulations of membranes and gels showed inhibition halos, but without statistically significant difference. The bioadhesive chitosan-based oral membrane with 2% chlorhexidine and 2% chlorhexidine gel were the most effective in inhibiting the tested microorganisms.


Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar in vitro o efeito antimicrobiano de uma bandagem oral bioadesiva de quitosana com clorexidina para o tratamento de infecções dos tecidos orais. Cinco bandagens de diferentes composições foram testadas: Quitosana 5% (G1); Quitosana 5% ± clorexidina a 0,2% (G2), Quitosana 5% ± clorexidina a 0,6% (G3), Quitosana 5% ± clorexidina a 1,0% (G4) e Quitosana 5% ± clorexidina a 2,0% (G5). Foram testados também 5 tipos de géis nas seguintes composições: Gel de Quitosana 5% (G6), Gel de clorexidina a 0,2% (G7), Gel de clorexidina a 2,0% (G8), Gel de Quitosana 5% ± clorexidina a 0,2% (G9) e Gel de Quitosana 5% ± clorexidina a 2,0% (G10). A ação antimicrobiana das amostras foi testada contra Candida albicans e Streptococcus mutans por meio do antibiograma, medindo o halo de inibição. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis e ANOVA a um critério seguido pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). A membrana com 2,0% de clorexidina (G5) e os discos contendo gel com 2,0% de clorexidina (G8) apresentaram os maiores halos de inibição para os dois microrganismos, com diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação aos demais grupos testados (p=0,008) apenas nos resultados de inibição de C. albicans. Todas as outras formulações de membranas e géis apresentaram halo de inibição, mas sem diferença estatisticamente significativa. A bandagem oral bioadesiva de quitosana com gel de 2% de clorexidina foi a mais efetiva em inibir os microrganismos testados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects , Chlorhexidine/pharmacology , Gels , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/pharmacology , Mouth Mucosa/microbiology , Streptococcus mutans/drug effects , In Vitro Techniques , Candida albicans/drug effects , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Chlorhexidine/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage
9.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 84(4): 404-409, July-Aug. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951858

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Otomycosis is a common diseases that can be associated with many complications including involvement of the inner ear and mortality in rare cases. Management of otomycosis can be challenging, and requires a close follow-up. Treatment options for otomycosis include local debridement, local and systemic antifungal agents and utilization of topical antiseptics. Objective This study was designed to compare the recovery rate of otomycosis using two therapeutic methods; topical betadine (Povidone-iodine) and clotrimazole. Methods In this single-blind clinical trial, 204 patients with otomycosis were selected using a non-probability convenient sampling method and were randomly assigned to two treatment groups of topical betadine and clotrimazole (102 patients in each group). Response to treatment was assessed at 4, 10 and 20 days after treatment. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, Chi-Square and Fisher exact test in SPSS v.18 software, at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results The results showed that out of 204 patients with otomycosis, fungi type isolated included Aspergillus in 151 cases (74%), and Candida albicans in 53 patients (26%). On the fourth day after treatment, 13 patients (13.1%) in the group treated with betadine and 10 patients (9.8%) in the group treated with clotrimazole showed a good clinical response to treatment (p = 0.75). A good response to treatment was reported for 44 (43.1%) and 47 patients (46.1%) on the tenth day after the treatment (p = 0.85); and 70 (68.6%) and 68 patients (67.6%) on the twentieth day after treatment (p = 0.46) in the groups treated with betadine and clotrimazole, respectively. The response to treatment was thus not significantly different in the two groups. Conclusion In the present study the efficacy of betadine and clotrimazole was the same for the treatment of otomycosis. The result of this study supports the use of betadine as an effective antifungal in otomycosis treatment, helping to avoid the emergence of resistant organisms.


Resumo Introdução A otomicose é uma das doenças comuns associadas a muitas complicações, como envolvimento da orelha interna e mortalidade em casos raros. O tratamento da otomicose pode ser realmente desafiador e requer um acompanhamento rigoroso. As opções de tratamento para otomicose podem incluir desbridamento local, agentes antifúngicos locais e sistêmicos e uso de antissépticos tópicos, os medicamentos tópicos recomendados para o tratamento da otomicose. Objetivo Comparar a taxa de recuperação de otomicose utilizando dois métodos terapêuticos de betadina tópica (povidona-iodo) e clotrimazol. Método Neste ensaio clínico simples cego, 204 pacientes com otomicose foram selecionados utilizando-se método de amostragem de não probabilidade conveniente e randomizados para dois grupos de tratamento, com betadina tópica e com clotrimazol (102 pacientes em cada grupo). A resposta ao tratamento foi avaliada aos 4, 10 e 20 dias após o tratamento. Os dados foram analisados utilizando o teste t independente, qui-quadrado e teste de Fisher no software SPSS v.18, com nível de significância de p < 0,05. Resultados Os resultados mostraram que dos 204 pacientes com otomicose, os tipos de fungos isolados incluíram Aspergillus em 151 casos (74%) e Candida albicans em 53 pacientes (26%). No quarto dia após o tratamento, 13 pacientes (13,1%) no grupo tratado com betadina e 10 pacientes (9,8%) no grupo tratado com clotrimazol apresentaram boa resposta ao tratamento (p = 0,75). Uma boa resposta ao tratamento foi relatada para 44 (43,1%) e 47 pacientes (46,1%) no décimo dia após o tratamento (p = 0,85); e 70 (68,6%) e 68 pacientes (67,6%) no vigésimo dia após o tratamento (p = 0,46) no grupo tratado com betadina e clotrimazol, respectivamente. Assim, a resposta ao tratamento não foi significativamente diferente nos dois grupos. Conclusão No presente estudo, a eficácia da betadina e do clotrimazol foi a mesma no tratamento da otomicose. O resultado deste estudo apoia o uso de betadina como um antifúngico eficaz no tratamento da otomicose que pode ajudar a evitar o surgimento de organismos resistentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Povidone-Iodine/administration & dosage , Clotrimazole/administration & dosage , Otomycosis/drug therapy , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage , Aspergillus/isolation & purification , Time Factors , Administration, Cutaneous , Candida albicans/isolation & purification , Single-Blind Method , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome
10.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 34(2): 156-174, abr. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-844460

ABSTRACT

Proper use of antiseptics and disinfectants, is an essential tool to prevent the spread of infectious agents and to control of healthcare-associated infections (HAI). Given the increasing importance of environmental aspects, as well as several advances and updates in the field of its proper use at local and intemational level, the SOCHINF HAI Advisory Committee considers that it is necessary to develop a guide for the rational use of antiseptics and disinfectants, which it will provide consistent scientific basis with that purpose.


El adecuado uso de antisépticos y desinfectantes, es una herramienta esencial para evitar la diseminación de agentes infecciosos y el control de infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud (IAAS). Dada la importancia creciente de aspectos ambientales, diversos avances y actualizaciones en el ámbito de su correcta utilización en el ámbito local e internacional, el Comité Consultivo de IAAS de Sociedad Chilena de Infectología considera necesario la estructuración de una guía de utilización racional de antisépticos y desinfectantes, que proporcione bases científicas coherentes con dicho propósito.


Subject(s)
Humans , Societies, Medical , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Advisory Committees , Disinfectants/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Chile , Hand Hygiene , Health Planning Guidelines
11.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(9): 578-585, Sept. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-795994

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To analyze the healing effects of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) application compared to wound dressing with 2% silver sulfadiazine in full thickness burn wounds in rats. METHODS: Animals were divided into two groups: 2% silver sulfadiazine group and SVF group. Both groups received occlusive bandages while the first one was treated with 2% silver sulfadiazine and the latter was treated with injections of SVF prepared from adipose tissue extracted from an animal donor. The animals were accompanied through 3, 7 and 30 days for evaluation of macroscopic, microscopic and morphometric aspects. RESULTS: On day three, a significant increase (p<0.05) of infiltration of polymorphonuclear, fibrin formation and fibroblasts migration in SVF group was observed. On the 7th day the mononuclear infiltrate, angiogenesis, collagen and fibroblasts were significantly increased in the SVF group (p<0.05). At 30 days significantly increased collagen deposition was observed in the SVF group (p<0.05) . CONCLUSION: Adipose tissue derived stromal vascular fraction injections promotes better wound repair than 2% silver sulfadiazine in the treatment of full thickness burn in rats during the evaluated experimental period.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Silver Sulfadiazine/administration & dosage , Wound Healing , Burns/therapy , Adipose Tissue/transplantation , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Bandages , Wound Healing/drug effects , Burns/surgery , Burns/pathology , Adipose Tissue/cytology , Stromal Cells/cytology , Stromal Cells/transplantation , Rats, Wistar , Disease Models, Animal , Microscopy
12.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 114(2): e84-e86, abr. 2016.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-838188

ABSTRACT

Las soluciones yodadas se utilizan ampliamente como antiséptico para el tratamiento y la prevención de infecciones en las heridas. La povidona yodada, una de las soluciones yodadas de aplicación tópica que más se encuentra en los botiquines de emergencia, podría producir anomalías graves, como disfunción tiroidea. La intoxicación por povidona yodada es poco frecuente; entre los efectos notificados previamente se incluyen complicaciones del uso tópico durante procedimientos quirúrgicos. Se describe el caso de un neonato que recibió povidona yodada por vía oral accidentalmente, sin signos ni síntomas de toxicidad después de la ingesta.


Iodine solutions are widely used as antiseptic for treating and preventing wound infections. Povidone iodine, one of the most common topical iodine solutions in emergency kits, can lead to several abnormalities as thyroid dysfunction. Povidone iodine poisoning is unusual and previously reported effects are mainly complications of topical usage during surgical procedures. Here we present the case of a newborn that was accidentally given oral povidone iodine, showing no signs or symptoms of toxicity after ingestion.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Povidone-Iodine/administration & dosage , Povidone-Iodine/poisoning , Accidents , Administration, Oral , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/poisoning
13.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 24: e2722, 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-960964

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness and safety in the use of second-generation central venous catheters impregnated in clorhexidine and silver sulfadiazine when compared with other catheters, being them impregnated or not, in order to prevent the bloodstream infection prevention. Method: systematic review with meta-analysis. Databases searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS/SciELO, Cochrane CENTRAL; search in Congress Proceedings and records from Clinical Trials. Results: 1.235 studies were identified, 97 were pre-selected and 4 were included. In catheter-related bloodstream infection, there was no statistical significance between second-generation impregnated catheter compared with the non-impregnated ones, absolute relative risk 1,5% confidence interval 95% (3%-1%), relative risk 0,68 (confidence interval 95%, 0,40-1,15) and number needed to treat 66. In the sensitivity analysis, there was less bloodstream infection in impregnated catheters (relative risk 0,50, confidence interval 95%, 0,26-0,96). Lower colonization, absolute relative risk 9,6% (confidence interval 95%, 10% to 4%), relative risk 0,51 (confidence interval 95% from 0,38-0,85) and number needed to treat 5. Conclusion: the use of second-generation catheters was effective in reducing the catheter colonization and infection when a sensitivity analysis is performed. Future clinical trials are suggested to evaluate sepsis rates, mortality and adverse effects.


Resumen Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad y seguridad del uso de catéteres venosos centrales de segunda generación, impregnados en clorhexidina y sulfadiazina de plata, comparados con otros catéteres impregnados o no impregnados, para prevención de infección de la corriente sanguínea. Método: revisión sistemática con metaanálisis. La búsqueda fue realizada en las bases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS/SciELO, Cochrane CENTRAL; fueron consultados anales de congresos y registros de ensayos clínicos. Resultados: fueron identificados 1.235 estudios, 97 preseleccionados y cuatro incluidos. En la infección de la corriente sanguínea, relacionada al catéter, no hubo significación estadística entre catéter de segunda generación impregnado en comparación a los no impregnados, riesgo relativo absoluto 1,5%, intervalo de confianza 95% (3%-1%), riesgo relativo 0,68 (intervalo de confianza 95%, 0,40-1,15) y número necesario para tratar 66. En el análisis de sensibilidad, hubo disminución de la infección de la corriente sanguínea en los catéteres impregnados (riesgo relativo 0,50, intervalo de confianza 95%, 0,26-0,96). Reducción de la colonización, riesgo relativo absoluto de 9,6% (intervalo de confianza 95%, 10% a 4%), riesgo relativo 0,51 (intervalo de confianza 95% de 0,38-0,85) y número necesario para tratar 5. Conclusión: el uso de los catéteres de segunda generación fue efectivo en la reducción de la colonización del catéter y de infección cuando realizado análisis de sensibilidad. Se sugirieron ensayos clínicos futuros que evalúen tasas de sepsis, mortalidad y efectos adversos.


Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a efetividade e segurança do uso de cateteres venosos centrais de segunda geração, impregnados em clorexidina e sulfadiazina de prata, comparados com outros cateteres impregnados ou não, na prevenção de infecção de corrente sanguínea. Método: revisão sistemática com metanálise. Busca realizada nas bases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS/SciELO, Cochrane CENTRAL; consulta em anais de congresso e registro de ensaios clínicos. Resultados: foram identificados 1.235 estudos, 97 pré-selecionados e quatro incluídos. Na infecção de corrente sanguínea, relacionada ao cateter, não houve significância estatística entre cateter de segunda geração impregnado em comparação aos não impregnados risco relativo absoluto 1,5%, intervalo de confiança 95% (3%-1%), risco relativo 0,68 (intervalo de confiança 95%, 0,40-1,15) e número necessário para tratar 66. Na análise de sensibilidade, houve diminuição da infecção de corrente sanguínea nos cateteres impregnados (risco relativo 0,50, intervalo de confiança 95%, 0,26-0,96). Redução da colonização, risco relativo absoluto de 9,6% (intervalo de confiança 95%, 10% a 4%), risco relativo 0,51 (intervalo de confiança 95% de 0,38-0,85) e número necessário para tratar 5. Conclusão: o uso dos cateteres de segunda geração foi efetivo na redução de colonização do cateter e de infecção quando realizada análise de sensibilidade. Sugerem-se ensaios clínicos futuros que avaliem taxas de sepse, mortalidade e efeitos adversos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Silver Sulfadiazine/administration & dosage , Chlorhexidine/administration & dosage , Catheter-Related Infections/prevention & control , Central Venous Catheters , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Coated Materials, Biocompatible
14.
Bol. micol. (Valparaiso En linea) ; 30(2): 64-70, dic. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-868805

ABSTRACT

Se presenta una breve revisión de los antisépticos y desinfectantes más comunes, su utilidad, la forma de aplicarlos y de almacenamiento en los distintos servicios hospitalarios. Además se incluye el manejo, limpieza y aseo de las distintas áreas clínicas.


The present manuscript introduces a short revision of most commonly antiseptic and disinfectant used in health services, includes its utility, way to use and storage. Furthermore adds the management and cleaning of the multiple clinical areas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Antisepsis/standards , Hospitals/standards , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Materials Management, Hospital , Disinfection , Disinfectants/administration & dosage
15.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 20(5): 66-71, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-764536

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Fixed orthodontic appliances patients suffer limitations on the effective control of biofilm by mechanical methods, bringing the need of a coadjutant in the control of inflammation and oral health improvement.Objective: The aim of this prospective split-mouth blind study was to analyze the effect of a 40% chlorhexidine (CHX) varnish on gingival growth of patients with orthodontic fixed appliances. Methods: Healthy teenage patients with fixed orthodontic appliances and increased gingival volume were recruited (n = 30). Each individual was his own control, having in the maxilla one control side and one treatment side. An application of varnishes occurred on the vestibular area of the upper premolars and first molar crowns, on the control side (placebo varnish) and on the experimental side (EC40(r) Biodentic CHX varnish). The varnishes and sides were randomly chosen and its identification and group was kept by a third party observer and it was not revealed to the researchers and participants until the end of study. In order to establish a baseline registration, digital photographs were taken by a trained photographer before varnish application at baseline (T0), as well as 14 days (T14) and 56 days (T56) after the application. The gingival volume was calculated indirectly using the vestibular areas (mm2) of the upper second premolars' clinical crowns by RapidSketch(r) software, at all study times. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Turkey-Krammer test.Results:It was observed, in the final sample of 30 individuals, that at T0, the control and treatment groups were similar. At T14 and T56, a progressive reduction of the clinical crown area was seen in the control group, and an increase in the average area was detected in the experimental group (p < 0,05).Conclusions: The use of 40% CHX varnish decreases the gingival overgrowth in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Further studies are necessary to set the action time and frequency of application.


Introdução: pacientes com aparelhos ortodônticos fixos sofrem limitações no controle efetivo de biofilme por métodos mecânicos, trazendo a necessidade de um coadjuvante no controle na inflamação e melhora na saúde bucal.Objetivo:esse estudo cruzado prospectivo randomizado teve como objetivo analisar o efeito do verniz de clorexidina (CHX) a 40% no crescimento gengival de pacientes com aparelhos ortodônticos fixos.Métodos:indivíduos adolescentes com aparelhos ortodônticos fixos e aumento de volume gengival foram recrutados para a pesquisa (n = 30). Cada participante atuou como seu próprio controle, tendo, na maxila, um lado controle e um tratamento. No lado controle, aplicou-se verniz placebo e no lado experimental, o verniz EC40(r) Biodentic CHX, ambos na face vestibular das coroas dos pré-molares e primeiro molar superiores. Os vernizes e lados foram escolhidos de forma aleatória e a identificação deles e a que grupo pertenciam foi mantida por um terceiro observador, não sendo revelada aos pesquisadores nem aos participantes até o final do estudo. Fotografias digitais foram tiradas por um fotógrafo treinado, antes da aplicação do verniz no tempo inicial (T0), bem como 14 dias (T14) e 56 dias (T56) após a aplicação. O volume gengival foi calculado indiretamente, por meio das áreas vestibulares (mm2) das coroas dos segundos pré-molares superiores, com o softwareRapidSketch(r), em todos os tempos de estudo. Os dados foram analisados usando ANOVA e teste de Turkey-Krammer.Resultados:na amostra final de 30 indivíduos, observou-se que, em T0, os grupos controle e tratamento foram semelhantes. Já em T14 e T56, foi observada uma progressiva redução na área da coroa clínica no grupo controle, e um aumento na área média do grupo experimental (p< 0,05).Conclusão:o uso do verniz de CHX a 40% diminui o excessivo crescimento gengival em pacientes sob tratamento ortodôntico. Estudos futuros são necessários para se determinar o tempo de ação e a frequência de aplicação.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Chlorhexidine/administration & dosage , Chlorhexidine/therapeutic use , Gingival Overgrowth/drug therapy , Bicuspid/drug effects , Orthodontic Brackets/adverse effects , Gingivitis/etiology , Gingivitis/drug therapy , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/therapeutic use , Molar/drug effects
16.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 40(6): 443-448, nov.-dez. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-702651

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: analisar a incidência de infecção do sítio cirúrgico, quando o preparo pré-operatório da pele foi realizado com iodopolividona 10% em solução hidroalcoólica e clorexidina 0,5% alcoólica, MÉTODOS: estudo longitudinal randomizado, a partir de variáveis obtidas de pacientes submetidos à operações limpas e potencialmente contaminadas. Os envolvidos foram alocados em dois grupos. No grupo 1 (G1) participaram 102 pacientes com pele preparada com iodopolividona e do grupo 2 (G2) 103 que utilizaram clorexidina. No terceiro, sétimo e 30º dia de pós-operatório avaliou-se o sítio cirúrgico, buscando-se sinais de infecção. RESULTADOS: os dados relacionados ao perfil clínico como: diabete melito, tabagismo, alcoolismo, dados hematológicos (Hb, VG e leucócitos), idade e sexo, e as variáveis relativas como: número de dias de internamento pré-operatório, tricotomia, topografia da incisão, antibioticoprofilaxia e a participação de residentes na operação, não foram evidenciadas como fatores predisponentes a infecção do sítio cirúrgico. Dois pacientes do G1 e oito do G2 submetidos à operações limpas apresentaram algum tipo de infecção (p=0,1789), cinco do G1 e três do G2 submetidos à operações potencialmente contaminadas apresentaram algum tipo de infecção (p=0,7205). CONCLUSÃO: a incidência de infecção do sítio cirúrgico em operações classificadas como limpas e potencialmente contaminadas, cujo preparo da pele foi feito com iodopolividona 10% em solução hidroalcoólica e clorexidina alcoólica 0,5%, foi semelhante.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the incidence of surgical site infection when the preoperative skin preparation was performed with 10% povidone-iodine and 0.5% chlorhexidine-alcohol. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, longitudinal study based on variables obtained from patients undergoing clean and potentially contaminated operations. Those involved were divided into two groups. In group 1 (G1) we included 102 patients with skin prepared with povidone-iodine, and in group 2 (G2), 103, whose skin was prepared with chlorhexidine. In the third, seventh and 30th postoperative days we evaluated the surgical site, searching for signs of infection. RESULTS: Data related to clinical profile, such as diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcoholism, haematological data (Hb, VG and leukocytes), age and gender, and the related variables, such as number of days of preoperative hospitalization, shaving, topography of incision, antibiotic prophylaxis and resident participation in the operation were not predisposing factors for surgical site infection. Two patients in G1 and eight in G2 undergoing clean operations had some type of infection (p = 0.1789), five in G1 and three in G2 undergoing potentially contaminated operations had some type of infection (p = 0.7205). CONCLUSION: The incidence of surgical site infection in operations classified as clean and as potentially contaminated for which skin preparation was done with 10% povidone-iodine and 0.5% chlorhexidine-alcohol was similar.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Chlorhexidine/administration & dosage , Ethanol/administration & dosage , Preoperative Care , Povidone-Iodine/administration & dosage , Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology , Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control , Incidence , Longitudinal Studies
17.
Med. infant ; 20(3): 229-233, Sept.2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-964272

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: evaluar eficacia del apósito impregnado con clorhexidina para reducir la colonización y la infección asociada a catéter (IAC). Pacientes y métodos: ensayo clínico, aleatorizado, controlado. Cohorte de 77 catéteres en pacientes posquirúrgicos cardiovasculares menores de 1 año y/o 10 kg. Grupo experimental: apósito con Clorhexidina, con curación transparente. Grupo control: apósito transparente. Se compararon características de los pacientes y de los catéteres. Resultados: Los pacientes y la permanencia del catéter fueron similares en ambos grupos. La tasa cruda de IAC fue 5,2% en el grupo control y en el experimental 0% (p= 0,14). Tasa de colonización 15% en el control y 7% en el experimental (p=0,26). El recambio de curaciones fue mayor en el grupo control (1,3 recambios) vs. grupo experimental 0,7 (p= 0,009). Conclusiones: El grupo experimental mostró menor índice de colonización, aunque sin significación estadística Los cambios de curación fueron menores en este grupo (AU)


Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of chlorhexidine-impregnated dressings to reduce colonization and catheter-related infection (CRI). Patients and methods: A randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted. A cohort of 77 catheters in post-cardiovascular surgical patients younger than 1 year and/or weighing less than 10 kg was assessed. Experimental group: Chlorhexidine-impregnated transparent dressings. Control group: Transparent dressings. Patient and catheter features were compared. Results: Patients and mean catheter insertion duration were similar in both groups. CRI rate was 5.2% in the control group and 0% in the experimental group (p= 0.14). Colonization rate was 15% in the control and 7% in the experimental group (p=0.26). Dressing change was more frequent in the control group: 1.3 changes vs. 0.7 in the experimental group (p= 0.009). Conclusions: Colonization rate was lower in the experimental group, although no statistical significance was found. Dressing changes were less frequent in this group (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Bandages , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Chlorhexidine/administration & dosage , Chlorhexidine/therapeutic use , Catheter-Related Infections/prevention & control , Efficacy , Bacteremia/prevention & control , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage
19.
Rev. latinoam. enferm ; 21(spe): 47-51, Jan.-Feb. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-666756

ABSTRACT

AIM: to investigate the effectiveness of 10% povidone-iodine after a 30-second or 2-minute drying time on microbial count reduction at the point of a Peripheral Intravascular Catheter (PIC) insertion. A quasi-experimental design was adopted. In total, 53 patients were enrolled, 25 were exposed to a 2-m drying time and 28 to a 30-s drying time. From the preliminary results of this study, no differences in the occurrence of contamination have emerged between patients receiving 30-s and 2-m drying time for 10% povidone-iodine solutions.


OBJETIVO: investigar a eficácia da solução iodopovidona a 10% sobre a redução da contagem microbiana no ponto de inserção do Cateter Venoso Periférico após tempo de secagem de 30s ou 2 min. MÉTODO: desenho quase-experimental. Foram incluídos 53 pacientes no estudo: 25 foram expostos a 2min de secagem e 28 foram expostos a 30s de secagem. RESULTADOS: Os resultados preliminares não apresentaram diferenças na ocorrência de contaminação entre os pacientes que foram submetidos a 30s ou 2min de secagem após desinfecção com solução de iodopovidona a 10%.


OBJETIVO: para investigar la eficacia de una solución yodopovidona al 10% tras tiempo de secado de 30 segundos o 2 minutos en la reducción del contaje microbiano en el local de inserción del Catéter Venoso Periférico, fue adoptado un diseño casi-experimental. Al total, fueron incluidos 53 pacientes, 25 expuestos a 2 min. de secado y 28 a 30 segundos. Con base en los resultados preliminares, no se encontraron diferencias en la ocurrencia de contaminaciones entre pacientes sometidos a un tiempo de secado de 30 s. o de 2 min tras desinfección con solución de yodopovidona al 10%.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Catheterization, Peripheral/instrumentation , Povidone-Iodine/administration & dosage , Colony Count, Microbial , Equipment Contamination , Time Factors
20.
Acta cir. bras ; 27(12): 874-879, dez. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-657971

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To assess vthe action of iodine cadexomer in the healing process of surgical wounds in rats and if cytotoxicity occurs with the systemic absorption of iodine. METHODS: Thirty six Wistar rats were used and performed 53 wounds with surgical punch of 6 mm diameter on them. Two lesions were made diametrically opposed on groups with distilled water (GAD) and sodium chloride (GCS); on the right lesions were used bandage with distilled water and on the left ones dressing with sodium chloride. In cadexomer iodine (GCI) group, a punch injury was made only on the left side and the dressing was carried out with cadexomer iodine. The groups were divided in two sub-groups according to the day of death (7 and 14). Microscopically was used H&E staining, through which the inflammation could be observed and also the neovascularization. Staining with Masson trichrome studied fibrosis. TSH and free T4 were used for absorption recognition of iodine, and its toxic potential was performed before death with the animal anesthetized. RESULTS: Microscopic analysis showed more marked intensity of inflammation in group GAD, subgroup 14 days. Neovascularization showed be discrete in GCS sub-group 14 days. Fibrosis was more pronounced in the group GCI. Comparing the types of treatment, there was statistical significance between groups GCI and GCS (p<0.013). The TSH and T4, showed no difference between the control group and GCI in relation to the absorption of iodine. In evaluating the GCI and control groups, within each treatment, statistical significance was found between them (p<0.001) when compared the days of observation. CONCLUSION: Cadexomer iodine had beneficial effects in all phases of the healing process without cytotoxicity due iodine absorption.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar a ação do cadexômero iodo na cicatrização de feridas cirúrgicas em ratos e se ocorre citotoxicidade com a absorção sistêmica do iodo. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se 36 ratos Wistar nos quais realizaram-se 53 feridas cirúrgicas com punch de 6 mm de diâmetro. Foram confeccionados duas lesões diametralmente opostas nos animais dos grupos água destilada (GAD) e cloreto de sódio (GCS). Na lesão do lado direito foi utilizado curativo com água destilada e, na do esquerdo, curativo com cloreto de sódio. No grupo cadexômero iodo (GCI), foi feita apenas uma lesão com o punch no lado esquerdo e o curativo foi realizado com cadexômero iodo. Os grupos foram divididos em dois subgrupos conforme o dia da morte (7 e 14). Microscopicamente foi utilizada a coloração H&E, através da qual foi observado o processo inflamatório e a neovascularização. Com a coloração tricômio de Masson foi estudada a fibrose. Para o reconhecimento da absorção do iodo e o seu potencial tóxico foi realizado, antes da morte com o animal anestesiado, dosagem do TSH e do T4 livre. RESULTADOS: Na análise microscópica a intensidade da inflamação apresentou-se mais acentuada no grupo GAD, subgrupo 14 dias. Na análise da neovascularização ela apresentou-se discreta no GCS subgrupo 14 dias. Na avaliação da fibrose foi mais acentuada no grupo GCI. Na comparação nos tipos de tratamento houve significância estatística entre os grupos GCI e GCS (p<0,013). A dosagem do TSH e T4, não apresentou diferença entre o grupo controle e GCI em relação à absorção do iodo. Na avaliação dos grupos GCI e controle, dentro de cada tratamento, houve significância estatística entre eles (p<0,001), quando comparados os dias. CONCLUSÃO: O cadexômero iodo apresentou efeito benéfico em todas as fases do processo cicatricial sem citotoxicidade pela absorção do iodo.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/administration & dosage , Iodophors/administration & dosage , Wound Healing/drug effects , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/toxicity , Fibrosis/pathology , Inflammation/pathology , Iodophors/toxicity , Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Time Factors
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